Vibrating apparatus



Dec. 17, 1940. c.- J. JOHNSON I VIBRATING APPARATUS Filed July 17, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 f/WE/YTOR:

CLAu J. JOHNSON,

' BY 02AM m, A7734 De 17, 1940 -c.--J. JOHNSON VIBRATING APPARATUS Filed July 17, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 f/YVE/YTORf CLAUS J. JOHNSON,

BY GL4 711M,

Dec. 17, 1940. c; J. JOHNSON I 7 VIBRATING APPARATUS Filed July 17, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 CLAus J. JOHNSON,

Patented Dec.- 11, 1940 I PATENT oFFlcr:

VIBRATING AFPABATUS claim .1, Johnson, Columbus, Ohio assiznor to The 5, Traylor vibrator Company, s corporation of Colorado pplicatioi July 17.1937,'Seria'l No. 154,185

4 cla ms. (01. 172-126) This invention relates to a device ;for packing materialsand, more particularly to a device for packing granular materials in receptacles or con.- tainers of large siza'andweight by imparting vibratory motion to the container :during the filling thereof and is particularly adapted for the packing of such materials as chemicals, paint pigments or any other relatively small granular material. 4 An object of the invention is to provide an improved vibratory packing device which is capable of packing very heavy weights of material into containers while at the same time maintaining the overall height and diameter of the packing device at a minimum.

Another object of the invention is to provide a highly, efflcient container packing device which will pack very heavy weights of materials into containers and will require a minimum consump- 29 tion of power.

,Still another object of the invention is to provide a device of the above mentioned type in which the entire operating mechanism is totaliy enclosed and thereby fully protected.

Still another, object of the invention is to provide a packing device capable of handling large weight materials in which the natural period of vibration of the vibratory elements are brought substantially but not exactly into resonance with the operating frequency thereof, thereby providing for a minimum consumption of power consistent with controlledvibration.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a very powerful vibratory packing device in which the natural period of vibration of the vibratory element is independent of the weight of the container and material therein which is being packed. \i

Another object of the invention is to provide a compact but powerful vibratory motor.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel features and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is an elevational view oh he device comprising my invention, showing aharrel in position to have the material therein packed;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device of Fig. l, with the barrel removed;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevational view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows;

1 Fig. 4 is a plan ,view of the device, with the cover or, supporting plate removed;

Fig. 515 a sectionalelevational view taken on the line s-s'or Fig. 4 looking in the directionof Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view takenon the line 6-6 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows; and 5- Fig. 'I is a sectional elevational view taken on the line 1-4 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows.

The packing device comprising my invention is designed to vibrate containers such as a container 10 or barrel II! at a very high frequency and to effect a very thorough compactingof the material in said barrel or container. The device is particularly designed to accommodate containers of considerable weight, which may have a weight as 18 high as one thousand pounds, including the material to be packed therein, which containers may be vibrated with an appreciable amplitude of vibration, which, for example, may be as much as three-eighths of an inch. 20

Referring to the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that said packing device comprises a main frame ll preferably formed as an iron or steel casting which is generally of cup shape. As best seen by reference to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and '7 of the 25 drawings the main frame H has a centrally dis- I posedrecess or cavity l2 adapted to receive and contain operating mechanism as hereinafter de-, scribed in complete detail. Said main frame H is also provided with four horizontally extending 30 passageways l3, Figs. 6 and 7, which extend at right angles to each other and through which extend four sets of leaf springs ii. That is, the four sets of leaf springs 14 are symmetrically spaced around the main frame H. Each set of 35 leaf springs comprises a plurality of stacked steel leaves or bars I5, each very stiff and strong and which are spaced-apart at their ends by spacers l6 and at their centers by spacers II. The ends of the leaves l5 of each set of leaf springs H are 40 clamped rigidly in a passageway'lS between upwardly extending bosses l8, l8 and top clamp plates l9, l9 and filler plates 20, 20. The filler plates 20, 20 preferably have all their corners rounded to prevent the presentation of any sharp 45 corner to a vibrating bar or leaf IS. The top clamp plates I9, 19 may be forced downwardly to clamp the leaves l5 by virtue of clamp screws 2!, 2i threaded in the top portion of the main frame II. The clamp screws 2|, 2| preferably 5 have wrench receiving recesses to provide for their adjustment. It is thus evident that the four setsof leaf springs I have their ends rigidly clamped to the main frame II and are spaced around the periphery thereof so that there aretwo opposite 55 sets of leaf springs 14 carriediby said main frame L I I To provide for the ready insertion and removal of the leaf springs l4, openings 22 are provided in the periphery of the main frame II, which openings 22 are preferably closed by removable cover plates 23. It is to be noted that access to adjacent ends of two sets of leaf springs I4 is provided by eagh opening22.

Supported by the centers of the four sets of leaf springs I4 is a spider or main support 24 preferably in the form of a casting having four legs 25, one associated with each of the four sets of leaf springs l4. Each of the legs2l is provided with a downwardly extending yoke 23 (see Fig." 3) which is formed iintegral therewith, each yoke 26 having an opening 21 therein through which a set of leaf springs I4 is threaded. Each yoke 26 is positioned adjacent the center of a set of leaf springs I4 and is clamped rigidlythereto by virtue of a boss 23 at the bottom of the opening 21 and a\ clamp plate as at the top thereof which clamps the centers of the leaves ll against the spacers ll through the intermediary of rounded corner-filler plates 30, the clamp plate 29 receiving its clamping action by virtue of a set screw 3|. 7

It is thus to be seen that the spider or main support 24 is mounted upon two diametrically opposite sides to the centers of the four sets of leaf'springs I4. Said spider or 'main support 24 is, therefore, mounted in a balanced relation by four-very heavy sets of leaf springs, as a conse- 'quence of which it may support a relatively heavy weight without appreciable deflection, yet, as hereinafter described in full detail, due to the cumulative effect of electro-magnetic forces, the four sets of leaf springs l4 may be deflected at their centers at a: high speed of vibration, thereby to impart high speed vibratory motion of appreciable amplitude to the spider or main support 24 and to anything which is rigidly attached thereto. I

- Positioned above and rigidly attached to said spider or main support 24 is a support and .cover plate 32 which is removably attached by nuts and bolts 33. The cover plate 32 is provided with a central opening 34 which inlturn is closed by a removable plate 35. The opening 34 provides access to the interior recess or cavity l2 of the main frame II and thus provides access to the hereinafter described electro-magnetic motor mechanism. Adjacent its bottom peripheral edge the plate 32 carries a circumferential angle member 36 which is removably attached thereto by screws 31, to the vertical flange of which angle member 36 is removably attached a rubber apron 33, the lower edge of which flts into a circumferential groove 39 in the top portion of the main frame ll.

It is thus to be seen that a complete enclosure is provided by the main casting II, the support and cover plate 32 and the apron 38, thus com pletely housing and protecting all the operating mechanism therein contained while providing for relative vibratory motion between the support and cover plate 32 and the main frame II. The support and cover plate 32 also carries a plurality of centering and retaining lugs 40 having rigidly attached threaded shafts 4| which are screw-threaded into said plate 32, the tops of the lugs having wrench receiving recesses to provide for. their insertion and removal. As clearly illustrated in Fig. l of the drawings, the lugs" are effective to center the container or barrel l0 and to maintain it on plate 32 while laces:

ing the vibratory motion to contained therein.

To supply power forthe periodic deflection of pack the material the sets of leaf springs 14 and hats consequence to provide for the vibration of the support or cover plate 32, I provide within the opening or excavation i2 of the main frame ll, four con- .tinuous circuit, or non-make-and-break type,"

electro-magnetic type-of vibratory motors which include the leaf springs l4 as an integral part thereof. In addition to said leaf springs l4, each of said motors comprises a vibratory armature 42 preferably built up of laminated magnetic steel carried by an appropriate frame 43 by transversely extending bolts 44, which frame 43 is adjustably supported at opposite ends by adjusting screws 45, 45 threaded through wings 46, 48 (see Figs. 4 and 7.) extending laterally from the legs 23 of the spider or main support 24. The wings 46 are split, as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and are provided with clamping screws 41 whereby said adjusting screws "may be clamped in any position of adjustment. It is thus obvious that each of the armatures 42 may be adjusted to any desired position and clamped rigidly in said position with respect to the spider or main support 24, there being an armature 42 positioned laterally of and adjacent eachset of leaf springs l4. i ositioned below eachof the armatures' 42 is a field structure 48 comprising a U-shaped core 43 built up of laminated magnetic steel and clamped rigidly to a frame 50 which is rigidly bolted to the bottom of the main casting II by bolts 5|. Each of the legs of the core 49 carries an energizing coil 52 held rigidly in place'between insulated boards 53, 53' by tie bolts 54.

An appropriate electrical cable 55 is attached to the main casting II by a fitting 56 (see Fig. 1) and extends through an appropriate bore 51 (see Figs. 6 and 7) to the recess or cavity 12 in said main casting l I, thus providing for connection to all of the field coils 52. It may be stated that the field coils 52 may be connected in various ways, depending upon the voltage available, since each coil is preferably wound for a fixed voltage, such as 110 volts. In certain instances they will be connected all in parallel, in other instances in parallel in groups of two, and still others in parallel in groups of f our, and in still others all in series.

It will be evident that when an undulating, alternating or pulsating current is supplied to the windings 52, an electro-magnetic force will be set rent, as a consequence of which the energy stored up in the deflected leaf springs l4 will be released to move the armatures 42 away from the cores 49. In other words, the electro-magnetic impulses will be eifective to move the spider or main support 24, and with it the cover plate or supdownwardly, and the resulting energy.

port 32, stored up in the sets of leaf springs l4 will be eflective to move said elements upwardly. As a consequence, upon the energlzation of the coils 52 from an undulating, alternating or pulsating deflect simultaneously,

- rectified alternating current.

current source, the support or cover late 32 will be vibrated. In practice I prefer to ergize said coils 52 either from a source of commercial available alternating current 'of wenty-flve, thirty, fifty or sixty cycles per se n'd, or to energize. said coils 52 from mixed burrent as taught by the patent to James Afl 'llnt, No. 1,846,326, granted February 23, 1932, or from Where the coils 52 are energized from alternatingcurrent, the frequency of vibration of the support or cover, plate 32 will be twi e the frequency of the alte'rnating current so ce. For example, there will be one hundred a d twenty vibrations per second if the available ternating current has ,a freq ency of sixty cycle per second. This is part .cularly desirable cause of the complete elimination of auxiliary apparatus and can be used with the smaller size barrel packers. With the larger size barrel packers, lkowever,

it is preferred to use the mixed current an in this instance the frequency of vibration pfthe support or cover plate 32 is the same as the frequency of the source of current. I also contemplate the use of rectifiers to provide pulsating current from alternating current in a. well known manner, in which case the frequency of vibration of the support or cover plate 32 will be'the same as the frequency of the source.

While it is not essential to the operation of the device comprising my invention, great economy in theconsumption of power is realized by providing a tuned or resonant relation between the natural period of vibration of the vibratory system comprising the support or cover plate 32 and the spider or main support 24 and all elements which are rigidly attached to either of them, and the operating frequency of the device. In other wordagreat economy is realized by bringing the mechanical vibratory system into approximate resonance with the frequency of vibration thereof. I have found, however, that exact resonance of the above-mentioned type is not desired because then the device is entirely too load-resporfsive. In other words, when exact resonance is realized the amplitude of vibration tends to de crease as the load in the container or barrel is increased, and when the current supplied the device is a-maximum, as for example where the control rheostat I propose to use is substantially completely out out, there may be a tendency for the armature to strike the core 49 and thus damage the equipment. I therefore propose to make a the natural period of vibration of the above-mentioned-vibratory structure only slightly different from the operating frequency. For example, if the operating frequency is sixty cycles per second, I propose to set the natural period of vibration at a value between fifty-five and fifty-nine cycles per second or between sixty-one and sixty-five cycles per second. This may be done by proper calculation of the number, length or thickness of the heavy, strongleaves l5, and small varia-- tions may be made by adjusting the clamping action of the clamp screws 2| or set screws 3|.

It may additionally be pointed out that with the device comprising my invention, the amount and weight of material in the container or barrel it) has substantially no effect upon the natural period of vibration of the vibratory structure. This is believed to be due to thesfact. that the device vibrates at a very high frequency and consequently the load represented by the barrel l and any material therein is a live load. That is, it does not continuously rest onthe plate 32 7 plate 32.

or ride up and down therewith but is effectively suspended in air by the repeated high frequenc; impulses ,or blows which it receives from the plat 32. This appears to be explained by the me that the plate 32 has a downward movement which is greater than the downward movement of the container III, as a consequence of which, the container l0 does 14 of said motors or units and the cooperating armatures 42 and field structures laterally of each other, with the common spider or. main support 24 rigidly connecting said armature's 42 with the centers of said leaf springs l4.

As above mentioned, it'is also to be noted that the electro-magnetic mechanism of the motors or units is completely enclosed within the recess or cavity I2 of the cup-shaped main frame! ll, thereby affording complete protection thereof from the elements. I

The sets of leaf springs I4 are also completely protected by the main frame ll yet the leaves i of said leaf springs M are readily removable for inspection and renewal.

It is also to be noted that the frequency of vibration of the device has a predetermined relation to the frequency of the available source, and is always amultiple of it, it being understood that the multiple may be one. (1) or any integer.

In order to prevent the transfer of any vibratory motion in the main. frame II to the floor or foundation upon which the device is supported, said main frame H is preferably supported upon four coil springs 45! which may be centered on the floor 58 by centering plates 59. h

In the operation of the device comprising my invention, the container or barrel II) is placed above the support or cover plate 32, as illustrated in- Fig. l of the drawings. The device is then placed-in operation by closing an appropriate switch leading thereto, and the amplitude of vibration is adjusted by an; appropriate control rheostat or other equivalent device. With the barrel Ill in vibration, material is fed to'jit which is to be packed, a typical example of which is y noted that the overall not ride down with the a chemical salt. The alternating, undulating or'pulsating current flowing through the coils 52 of the four electro-magnetic motors will provide der the influence of the electro-magnetic impulses will be vertically downward, and when released said leaf springs will move vertically upward at their centers. As a consequence there will be a vertical vibratory motion imparted to the spider or main support 24 and to the support or cover plate 32, in synchronism with electro-magnetic impulses which will be either equal to or twice the frequency of the available source of alternating current as previously pointed out. This high frequency vibration of the support or cover plate 32 will effect a very thorough packing of the material in the container or barrel Ill.

As was also above pointed out, due to the close setting of the natural period of vibration of the vibratory structure and the operating frequency which is equal or twice the frequency of the availciable economy in the consumption of able source. of alternating currentfvery appre- Power is realized while at the same time providing for the proper control of the device so that it not hammer or strike when there is a light load on it and so that the vibrations will not be damped out or appreciably reduced in amplitude as the load increases. In other words, by this corelation of the mechanical .and electricalelements, 10

great economy is realized without a sacrifice of control, and the amplitude of vibration and consequently the packing action upon the material in the barrel, "I will be substantially the same whether the barrel is nearly full or in any intermediate condition.

It is to be noted that the positioning of the four sets of heavy leaf springs l4 distributes the static load thereon caused by container ll and its contents, which would tend to deflectorbend them downwardly beyond their neutral positions, and, in fact, said four heavy leaf springs l4 havesuch strength that they resist the mentioned tendency to defiect,.even under a heavy load, to such a'great degree that no appreciable deflection thereof due to such static load, even when very heavy, is perceptible.

However, by the application of high frequency electro-magnetic impulses, particularly when applied substantially in synchronism with the natural vperiod of vibration of the mass to be vibrated-including the mechanism mounted on the heavy leaf springs l4, vibrations of appreciable amplitude are built up at the centers'of said leaf,

springs it which cause them to be deflected substantially equally on opposite sides of their'horizontal or normal positions, yet do not allow the striking of the armatures 42 and cores 49,. As a consequence of the above described vibratory movement a minimum amount of electric power is required, consistent with proper control.

It is furthermore again to be pointed out that the entire operating mechanism is totally enclosed and thus fully protected from the elements. It shouldadditionally be pointed out that access to,the opening or excavation II in the main frame ll whereby access may be had to repair the motors including the armature or field structure, is not only afforded by the repty or nearly" frames at both ends and to the accuse Having thus-described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: j

- 1. In a vibratory motor, the combination with 'a main frame,of a vibratory frame, a plurality of 5 groups oi stacked spring leaves comprising not less' than three groups, means attaching said framesto each group of spring leaves, and electromagnetic means for vibrating said vibratory frameincluding separate, field struc and 1c armatures for each group of stacked spring leaves spaced laterally and in ardly thereof.

2. In an electricvibratory motor, the combination with a m frame, of a vibratory frame, a plurality of bars attached to said main frame and vibratory frame and mounting the latter for vibration relative to the former, said bars forming saidattachment at a plurality of spaced apart stations and being attached to one of said other at their aplurality of separate .armatures and centers,

"electric field structures at least equal to the number of stations. said armatures being rigidly attached to said vibratory frame and being under the influence of said field structures, said armag5 tures and field structures being P sitioned laterally of said bars thereby providing a powerful motor of restricted height.

3. In an electric vibratory motor, the combination with a main frame, of a supplementary frame to be vibrated, a plurality of groups of stacked spring bars, each group being attached at opposite ends to one of said frames and at. their, centers to the other whereby said supple- ,mentary frame is supported from said main frame for vibratory movement, electro-magnetic means, one for each group of stacked spring bars, each including an armature and a field structure one of which is attached to said main frame and the other to said supplementary frame, said electro-magnetic means being positioned-laterally of said groups of spring bars,

whereby a powerful motor of restricted, height is produced.

4. In an electric vibratory motor, the combination'with a main frame, of a supplementary frame to be vibrated, a plurality of groups of stacked spring bars, each group being attached at opposite ends to one of said frames and at their centers to the other whereby said supplementary frame is supported from said main frame for vibratory movement, electro-magnetic I means, including an armature and a field structure one of which is attached to said main frame and the other to said supplementary frame, said electro-magnetic means being positioned laterally of said groups of spring bars, whereby a powerful motor of restricted height is produced.

CLAUS JOHNSON. w 

